Judiciary Acts

Judiciary Acts
The Judiciary Article (Art. Ill) of the U.S. Constitution created a Supreme Court and "such inferior courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain or establish". The First Congress established such inferior federal courts under the Judiciary Act of 1789. Subsequent major judiciary acts include the following: Act of 1875 granting federal question jurisdiction; Act of 1891 (Evarts Act) establishing circuit courts of appeals and fixing the outline of the contemporary scheme of federal appellate review; Act of 1911 enacting the Federal Judicial Code (which was recodified in 1948 and 1958); Act of 1925 (Judges' Bill), and 1988, further narrowing the scope of discretionary review by certiorari of the Supreme Court.

Black's law dictionary. . 1990.

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